Key points
- Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic, supplied as a film-coated tablet in strengths from 100 mg to 1000 mg.
- Antibiotics such as azithromycin will not work for colds, flu or other viral infections.
- After a single 500 mg dose, the terminal elimination half-life is about 68 hours, a duration attributed to extensive uptake into body tissues and slow release from them.
What azithromycin is used for
Azithromycin treats infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Prescribers use it for respiratory tract infections, including community-acquired pneumonia, and for skin infection. Other bacterial infection types may also be treated with it. Whether an antibiotic suits a particular illness is a clinical decision, made after the infection has been assessed.
How it works
The medicine stops bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the bacterial ribosome, which prevents the bacteria from growing and spreading and allows the immune system to eliminate the infection. More precisely, it attaches to the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible organisms and impedes assembly of that subunit.
Onset is usually 1 to 2 days, and the effect lasts 3 to 5 days.
Zithromax tablets contain azithromycin as the active ingredient. They are film-coated tablets, supplied in 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg strengths, and are listed for community-acquired pneumonia and skin infection. Azithromycin also belongs to the wider antibiotics group, which covers medicines chosen according to the infection being treated and local resistance patterns.
Orders are prepared by pharmacy partners in India and shipped to Malaysia in discreet packaging.
Safety
Azithromycin should not be taken by anyone with hypersensitivity to it. Tell your doctor about heart rhythm problems: the label warns of QT interval prolongation and torsades de pointes, a heart rhythm disturbance that can be fatal, and asks prescribers to weigh this risk in people with certain cardiovascular conditions. Monitoring for arrhythmias is advised. Diarrhoea needs watching for Clostridioides difficile, reported with nearly all antibacterial agents including azithromycin, which can range from mild diarrhoea to fatal colitis.
Diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal pain and vomiting are the common reactions; dizziness and dyspepsia also occur. Anaphylaxis and QT prolongation are serious and require immediate medical attention.
Azithromycin interacts with antacids, warfarin and ciclosporin. Use caution in elderly patients, as dosage adjustments may be necessary. Data on safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding are limited, so consult your doctor before use and confirm breastfeeding suitability with a qualified clinician or pharmacist.
What the sources say
- Prolongation of the QT interval and cases of torsades de pointes have been reported. (DailyMed)
- Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhoea has been reported with nearly all antibacterial agents, including azithromycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhoea to fatal colitis. (DailyMed)
- In the label’s adverse reaction data, diarrhoea occurred in 5 to 14% of patients, nausea in 3 to 18%, abdominal pain in 3 to 7% and vomiting in 2 to 7%. (DailyMed)
Further reading