Propranolol
Propranolol is a non-selective beta blocker. It acts on the heart and blood vessels and on nerve signalling, which is why it is used across a range of conditions.
Medicine containing Propranolol
Key points
- Propranolol is used for hypertension, angina pectoris, migraine prophylaxis and essential tremor.
- A dose starts to act within 30 to 60 minutes, and the effect lasts 4 to 8 hours.
- A modified-release capsule, hard, is made as well as the standard tablet.
What it is used for
Propranolol lowers blood pressure in hypertension and eases the heart’s workload in angina pectoris. In migraine prophylaxis it reduces how often attacks occur, and in essential tremor it helps control involuntary shaking.
How it works
The medicine blocks adrenaline and noradrenaline at beta receptors. Heart rate falls, the force of each contraction weakens and cardiac output drops, so blood pressure comes down and the heart needs less oxygen.
Forms and brands
The tablet is the form sold as Inderal, in 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg strengths. Propranolol is used in heart and blood pressure care and in neurology. Pharmacy partners in India ship orders to Malaysia in discreet packaging.
Safety
Propranolol should not be used by people with cardiogenic shock, uncompensated heart failure, second or third degree atrioventricular block or asthma.
Pulse rate needs monitoring. Use with caution in diabetes, because propranolol can increase the risk of hypoglycaemia and hide the warning signs of low blood sugar. Do not stop treatment suddenly: withdrawal can cause serious heart problems, so speak to your doctor before discontinuing.
Fatigue, cold extremities and bradycardia are common. Sleep disturbances, nightmares and dizziness can also occur. Bronchospasm and heart block are serious and require immediate medical attention. Verapamil and diltiazem are drugs that interact with propranolol.
In pregnancy, use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Before breastfeeding, confirm suitability with a qualified clinician or pharmacist.
What the sources say
- Propranolol’s uses span cardiovascular, neurological, endocrine and psychiatric conditions (StatPearls).
- It is also used to improve survival after a heart attack (MedlinePlus).
- Nonselective beta blockers oppose the bronchodilator effect of beta-2 agonists and may trigger bronchospasm in people with asthma or COPD (StatPearls).
Further reading
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